總結(jié) |
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside generated locally in tissues under conditions of hypoxia, ischemia, or inflammation. It modulates a variety of physiological functions in many tissues including brain and heart.1,2 Adenosine exerts its action via four specific adenosine receptors (also named P1 purinergic receptors):A1-Adenosine Receptor (A1AR), A2A-Adenosine Receptor (A2AAR), A2B-Adenosine Receptor (A2BAR), and A3-Adenosine Receptor (A3AR). All are integral membrane proteins and members of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor superfamily. They share a common structure of seven putative transmembrane domains, an extracellular amino terminus, a cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus, and a third intracellular loop that is important in binding G proteins.1-3 The various adenosine receptors can be distinguished on the basis of their distinct molecular structures, distinct tissue distributions, and differential selectivity for adenosine analogs.1-4 The A2 Adenosine receptor subtype was subdivided according to affinity for adenosine; A2AAR has high affinity and A2BAR has low affinity. A2BAR is expressed in mast cells, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, bronchial epithelium, intestinal epithelium, smooth muscle, brain, and other cells.5 In intestinal epithelia, A2BAR was found to be the major adenosine receptor subtype expressed and is thought to be involved in diarrheal diseases. It is also believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic airway inflammatory diseases.4 Thus, antagonists of A2BAR might be effective for the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal tract disorders4 as well as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.5 Abgent is pleased to offer a highly specific antibody directed against an extracellular epitope of the human A2B Adenosine receptor (A2BAR). The Anti-A2B-Adenosine Receptor (extracellular) antibody (#AG1385) can be used for western blot immunohistochemical applications. It has been designed to recognize A2B-Adenosine receptor from human, rat and mouse samples.
|
圖像 |
Western blot analysis of HL-60 (lanes 1 and 2) cell line, rat brain (lanes 3 and 4) and mouse brain (lanes 5 and 6) lysates:
1,3,5. Anti-A2B Adenosine Receptor (extracellular) antibody ( APG01406G), (1:200).
2,4,6. Anti-A2B Adenosine Receptor (extracellular) antibody, preincubated with the control peptide antigen.
Expression of A2B Adenosine Receptor in rat lung
Immunohistochemical staining of rat lung paraffin embedded sections using Anti-A2B Adenosine receptor (extracellular) antibody ( APG01406G), (1:50). Staining is present in the respiratory epithelium of the bronchiole (Br) as well as in the pneumonocytes of the alveolar wall (alveoli, (A). Color reaction was obtained with SuperPicture HRP-conjugated polymer (Zymed) followed by DAB. Hematoxilin is used as the counterstain.
|